What does "single-phase power" refer to?

"Single-phase power" refers to a type of electrical power distribution that utilizes a single alternating voltage. This means it operates on one alternating current (AC) waveform, which is sufficient for many residential and small commercial applications. In a single-phase system, power is supplied through two wires: a live (or phase) wire and a neutral wire. This setup is commonly found in lighting circuits and smaller loads, providing an effective way to power homes and small businesses.

Understanding single-phase power is critical, especially because it is the most common type of electrical service for residential buildings. While three-phase systems are more efficient for larger electrical loads and industrial applications, single-phase power is easy to manage, install, and maintain for everyday use.