What is the purpose of a GFCI?

The purpose of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is to protect against electrical shock by interrupting the circuit when a ground fault is detected. A ground fault occurs when there is an unintended path between the source of current and the ground, which can happen if a person comes into contact with a live wire, potentially leading to severe injury or even death.

GFCIs continuously monitor the flow of electricity through the circuit and can detect any imbalances between the current entering and leaving the device. If an imbalance is detected, indicating that some of the current is flowing through an unintended path (such as through a person), the GFCI will quickly cut off the electrical supply, significantly reducing the risk of shock.

This protective feature is especially important in areas where water is present, like bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor settings, where the likelihood of electrical shock is heightened. The other options do not pertain to the primary function of a GFCI, which is strictly focused on safety and prevention of electrical shocks rather than increasing voltage, monitoring energy consumption, or converting current types.