Which law states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance?

Ohm's Law is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering that defines the relationship among voltage, current, and resistance. This law states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, provided that the temperature remains constant. The mathematical representation of Ohm's Law is ( I = \frac{V}{R} ), where ( I ) is the current, ( V ) is the voltage, and ( R ) is the resistance.

This relationship explains why, for a given resistance, increasing the voltage will increase the current, while increasing the resistance will decrease the current for the same voltage. This principle is pivotal in circuit design and analysis, as it enables engineers to predict how changing one of these parameters will affect the others in electrical circuits.

Other options like Lenz's Law relate to the direction of induced current in magnetic fields, Faraday's Law deals with electromagnetic induction—the process by which a change in magnetic field can induce voltage—and the Power Law relates to the calculation of electrical power. While all these laws are critical in their respective contexts, they do not address the specific proportional relationships between voltage, current, and resistance described by Ohm's Law.